Tuesday, March 6, 2012

How Does the Impact of Media Effect Freedom in Afghanistan?

     The media impact in the country of Afghanistan is beginning to grow, not only because they are considered a Third World Country, but because of their ongoing war and the public safety of their citizens. In 2010, the United Nations ranked Afghanistan 15th on their list of countries with the lowest human development. Will the evolution of the Internet, radio, and television educate the population, or will it tighten the hold of the Afghanistan government?

Filtering the Internet

            In 2010, the Afghan government took control of the Afghan people by blacklisting websites that they deemed unethical, such as gambling and pornographic sites. Although these restrictions are fairly easy to break through using proxies, why then does the government block the Internet from citizens that are going to use it anyway? 


     These Internet regulations were created both to impose government control over the Afghanistan people, as well as block journalist from reporting the country’s news in a negative light. For example, the government ordered the shut down of a website that had falsely reported the death of the Afghanistan vice president. The Internet in any society is a dangerous tool in the eye’s of the government, on the other hand, it can be considered a useful tool as the Afghanistan people can research and gather together to overcome issues.

Revolutionizing radio broadcasts

     According to an Internews project on the media landscape in Afghanistan, 73 percent of the population uses a radio. The radio broadcasts are regulated by the Afghanistan Telecom Regulatory Authority (ATRA), which is responsible for issuing licenses, controlling activities, and creating standards for the equipment that is used. The ATRA is similar to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in America. While the country does have many issues with the government, it would seem as though they are taking positive steps towards supporting radio as a medium of communication.



     One such example is the convergence of different media to connect with radio broadcasts. Afghanistan’s most popular radio station, Radio Azadi, did just that. The radio station worked with a local mobile service provider in order to create a mobile news service that sends text messages to the user. This works both ways as the user can both send and receive photos, news, and video from the radio station. While this technology has already been used in the US for several years, the fact that a Third World Country is making successful strides towards new forms of communication shows that the citizens are willing to accept the immediacy of information.

Increased use of mobile devices and television

     Compared to the Internet and radio, television and mobile devices are the second and third most popular media devices in Afghanistan. Mobile phones have more users compared to televisions with 12.5 million of 27 million citizens subscribingfor cellular use. While television usage is least utilized technology at 45 percent of the people owning one, and 52 percent of those owners that say they never watch television.

Cynthia Schneider discusses the impact of television shows in developing countries

     In 2010, it had been eight and a half years since the United States led coalition forces to war with the Taliban. Since the war had started, the Afghanistan people had begun to use popular media in order to keep themselves knowledgeable about the progress of the war and the culture of Afghanistan. The Afghan Media Productions provides programming about the rich influential and historical aspects of Muslim culture to both the communities within Afghanistan and people around the world.

What is next

     The future of technology in Afghanistan is beginning to grow. Not only are people communicating through mobile devices and laptops, but countries are beginning to communicate to the public through the programs they air. The people of Afghanistan need to learn about how new technology (such as cell phones and laptops) can be used to connect citizens to their community as well as to their government. While politics may continue to censor and limit the ability of the Afghan people, I have a feeling that current media and evolving technology will lead to an increase in the efficiency and independence of individuals in Afghanistan.

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